Online Health Guide:Causes of Secondary Pathological Amenorrhea

March 5th, 2009 | Tags: , ,
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Article Summary:

Online health guide offers Health Care Information plan for family health, womens health, mens and child health. There are many causes of secondary pathological amenorrhea and they are listed below: Obstruction (acquired) to the lower genital tract -lower genital tract injury due to operation, chemical burns etc. which can lead to stenosis (narrowing) of cervix and [...]


Article Content:

There are many causes of secondary pathological amenorrhea and they are listed below:

  1. Obstruction (acquired) to the lower genital tract -lower genital tract injury due to operation, chemical burns etc. which can lead to stenosis (narrowing) of cervix and rarely of vagina.
  2. Ovarian factors of secondary pathological amenorrhea:

-Polycystic ovarian disease formerly known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome; hyperthecosis ovarii etc.

- Ovarian failure or hypo hormonal amenorrhea.

- Hyper hormonal amenorrhea-due to excess estrogen as seen in metropathia hemorrhagica and may be due to therapeutic use of hormone.

- Ovarian destruction of ovaries by disease (rare cause), radiation or surgical removal of ovaries known as oophorectomy.

- Premature menopause due to auto immune disease or due to ovarian resistance syndrome.

- Masculinizing tumors of ovaries like arrhenoblastoma, adrenal like tumors, hillus cell tumor, masculinizing luteoma etc.

3. Uterine factors:

-Hysterectomy or surgical removal of uterus.

- Destruction of endometrium of uterus due to-genital tuberculosis, attachment due to excess and vigorous curettage after abortion, or due to intra cavity introduction of radium in uterus.

4. Diseases affecting pituitary:

-Basophil adenoma-Cushing’s disease.

- Acidophil tumor- which produce gigantism and acromegaly.

- Oral contraceptive pills and psychotropic drugs that cause hyperprolactinemia.

- Pituitary failure due to cyst, post partum pituitary necrosis (Sheehan’s syndrome), chromophobe adenoma, Simmond’s disease etc.

- Prolactinoma causing hormonal disturbance.

- Psychogenic causes- anorexia nervosa, stress, pituitary shock, vigorous exercise, pseudocyesis etc.

- Suppression of FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) due to persistence of luteotropic hormone as seen in Chiari-Frommel syndrome.

5. Amenorrhea due to chromosomal abnormalities.

6. Nutritional causes- due to extreme obesity or extreme nutritional deficiency.

7. Thyroid causes- hyperthyroidism, late stage of hypothyroidism.

8. Systemic diseases- diabetes mellitus, severe anemia, debilitating diseases like renal disease and fulminanting tuberculosis.

9. Adreno-genital syndrome (adrenal cortical hyperplasia), Addison’s disease (adrenal failure), adrenal cortical tumors.

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